A durable workhorse of it's time, the T3200SX and T3200SXC portable computers were manufactured and targeted primarily as desktop replacement computer for businesses. Of course, at the time of the release, there existed smaller laptop computers, but none of these even came close to the power, durability and expandability of this Toshiba computer.

The T3200SX and T3200SXC are siblings. The only major differences are that the SXC has a color flat panel screen and a faster CPU (20 MHz as opposed to 16 MHz). The graphics adapters are the same, both systems are VGA capable, and support resolutions up to 640×480 with 16 colors.

Toshiba T3200SX comes with either a 40 MB or a 80 MB hard drive. As far as I understand, there was also a T3200SX/120 which was a upgraded model, and comes with a 120 MB hard disk. The system has a standard IDE interface to connect to the supplied Conner CP hard disk.

These are the drive configurations supported by standard T3200SX BIOSes:

Model		Native C/H/S1)				BIOS reported C/H/S2)				Capacity		Seek time
		C	H	S		C	H	S		MiB	MB
Conner CP-30003)		1045	2	40		862	2	48		40 MB	43 MB	28 ms
						695	7	17
Conner CP-30444)		1047	2	40		980	5	17		40 MB	43 MB	25 ms
Conner CP-xxxx						981	10	17		81 MB	85 MB	Unknown
						695	14	17		80 MB	85 MB
						862	4	48		80 MB	85 MB

These configurations are supported by T3200SX/120 (with at least the 003F BIOS):

Search these hard drives on eBay ¹⁰⁾

I'm missing the part number of the 80 MB Conner hard disk. If you know it, please let me know!

This system can be expanded with an 8-bit and 16-bit ISA expansion cards. Hence, you can purchase an XT-IDE adapter to add a hard drive, such as the XT-CF-MINI or XT-CF-Lite card to add a Compact Flash card as a hard drive. They usually run for $40-$60. You can find them on eBay. Check out http://www.malinov.com/Home/sergeys-projects/xt-cf-lite and https://shop.bluelavasystems.com/products/xt-cf-mini-bootable-8-bit-isa-cf-card-interface-xt-ide

Another option is to purchase an XT-IDE adapter for the Toshiba proprietary expansion slot. There is a maker on eBay that sells Toshiba type expansion cards with XT-IDE to allow many different types of IDE and CF cards to be used on the portable computer. Please see the following link for the sales article. 3inONEder: Toshiba Portables (affiliate link)

The same adapter that allows you to use the Toshiba proprietary slot connector for XT-IDE and custom hard disks also optionally allows to add audio (Adlib) and ethernet support (partially NE2000 compatible). Please see the following link for the item page. 3inONEder: Toshiba Portables (affiliate link)

I've been informed that it is possible to replace the CPU with a TX486SLC upgrade, however this will require soldering. Credits for this discovery go to mohhingman. Thank you!

The computer uses 30 pin SIMM modules to add more system memory, but as far as I know they are proprietary Toshiba specific modules. The computer was shipped with 1 Mb (megabit) or 2Mb memory chips that were 80ns (or faster) and have parity. There are six slots in total and the banks are used in pairs, so at least two are needed. Standard configuration comes with 2 MB of RAM preinstalled, upgrade models come with 4 MB. The memory is upgradable up to 13 MB ¹¹⁾

If you remove the rear panel, you will be able to access the ISA expansion slots. The computer has one 16-bit full-length ISA slot and one 8-bit half-length ISA slot. The system also has a proprietary 16-bit Toshiba expansion slot. I have my computer set up with an 16-bit Sound Blaster 16 and an 8-bit 3Com Etherlink III (3C509) for networking. However, at least this site ¹²⁾ points out, that not all newer 3Com Etherlink III cards support 8-bit ISA.

The computer can be upgraded with an math coprocessor (FPU). The FPU doesn't come as standard, but the computer has a provision for an added Intel or compatible 387 FPU. One computer that I repaired had the Cyrix CX-83S87-16-KP FPU installed.

The computer has a DIN connector for a AT style keyboard but it may be covered by a plastic cap. Please see the DIN keyboard connector page for more information.

Lithium 3.6V battery supplied. A T3200SX/120 I had came with an original Tadiran TL-5207 3.6V battery. It had a plastic container package, that actually just contained a Tadiran TL-5151 3.6V 1/2 AA lithium battery. Please see gallery for more pictures.

Q: What is the PRN-A-B Switch on the side?
A: Toshiba offered an external 360Kb disk drive as an option. This plugs in to the parallel port connector but is not a parallel device. Setting the switch to PRN enables the printer port, setting it to A tells the machine there is an external disk drive and you want it to be A drive. Setting it to B tells the machine there is an external disk drive and you want it to be B drive. Setting it to A would allow you to boot 360Kb boot disks.

Unless you have the Toshiba external floppy – always set this to PRN. ¹³⁾

Q: Can't boot from floppy, floppy not detected, or can't be read
A: Make sure the PRN-A-B switch is set to PRN (see above question about PRN-A-B switch.

Q: My computer gives me a configuration error when I turn it on
A: If the CMOS battery is empty, you will be prompted with the following error when you power on the machine.

Invalid configuration information - please run SETUP program
 Strike the F1 key to continue. F2 to run the setup utility

Please refer to instructions here:
How do I boot my T3200SX with an empty CMOS battery

Q: How can I access the built-in BIOS ?
A: Press CTRL + SHIFT + F10 when the computer powers on. If this does not work, you may use the TEST3.EXE utility, a little program by Toshiba which will open up the BIOS settings from a DOS environment. You might want to include this utility in your computer recovery disk. See below for files that apply to this type of machine, or view all files at the files and resources section.

Q: I am still unable to access the BIOS.
A: When the computer BIOS battery runs empty, it will clear all BIOS settings and will prompt you to review the system settings on power-up. This may be used to your advantage to get into BIOS. To force this behavior, disconnect the clock battery entirely. Wait for a few minutes and power up the computer again. The computer will ask the user to review the default settings. Please refer to How do I boot my T3200SX with an empty CMOS battery

Q: My computer does not hold settings or time
A: You probably have an empty BIOS battery. The battery holds volatile information in a CMOS chip like information about your BIOS settings and system time. When the battery runs out, the information will be lost. You can still use your computer by going into BIOS settings and accepting the defaults (see above).

Q: How do I replace the computer BIOS battery?
A: The BIOS battery header is located on the system board. The battery is traditionally tucked in at the back of the floppy drive. The correct voltage for the battery is 3.6V. There are two ways that I've seen the battery been replaced.

1. You can remove the old battery. Cut the leads at the battery terminals, and get a replacement battery, for example a ER14505 3.6V lithium battery, sold new at eBay and other sources. You will also need a single AA battery holder for the new battery. Depending on your computer, your old battery might have included a 330 ohm resistor in line at the negative pole and you will want to leave that in place. In most cases your setup will look something like this:
[MB + ]—————-[ + ER14505 BATT - ]——–[ 330R ]—————-[MB - ]

2. Alternatively, you can replace it with a 3.0V CR2032 coin cell battery. In this case you should buy a CR2032 holder, a CR2032 lithium battery and a diode. The diode may be required to avoid charging the battery. You can measure the voltage at the motherboard to see if it has a charging voltage while the computer is powered on. If it does, use the diode. Take the old battery connector and its wires, solder the coin cell holder to the wires and solder the diode in series as such:
[MB + ]—————-[|<]——–[ + CR2032 BATT - ]——————[MB - ]

You may search for CR2032 battery holders including leads using this eBay affiliate link

Q: How do I upgrade the Hard Disk?
A: It depends on the BIOS version of your Toshiba portable (see below for instructions how to check the BIOS version). Most Toshiba T3200SX BIOSes are restricted to CONNER hard-drives of either 40 or 80 megabytes size (T3200SXC will be either 40 or 120 MB). On boot-up, the BIOS queries the IDE controller for hard-drives, and depending on your BIOS version, one of two things will happen:

1. Older Toshiba BIOS (such as 003C)
   1. The computer will detect any drive and just assume it's a 40 MB disk (regardless of its actual size).
2. New Toshiba BIOS (such as 003E-003I)
   1. The computer will not boot an unsupported drive unless it is manufactured by Conner. It will assume it's a 40 MB drive (regardless of its actual size). If you have a different drive than Conner, the computer will simply refuse to boot from the hard disk. The model/part number reported to the computer must match the letters 'CP' (Conner Peripherals) for it to be detected.

You have a couple of options:

1. If the computer has the older BIOS such as the 003C, the computer should ignore the part number and will attempt to boot the hard disk regardless, even with incorrect settings. However, since the settings are fixed, you can not use more than the amount of space specified in the BIOS, which is only 40 MB. To override the BIOS limitation and use more space on the disk, so you will need to manually correct the settings on boot using a drive overlay software which is installed on the hard disk. I have tested a program called Anydrive, and I believe Western Digital's EZ-Drive version 9.03W will work as well. Both programs can be found in the files section. Anydrive overrides the BIOS settings so you can use any size hard disk (or CF memory card with CF to IDE adapter) up to 504 MB. With EZ-Drive you can potentially use larger disks, but run the risk of disk file corruption above 4 GB.
2. If you have the newer BIOS, you can do the following:
   1. Buy a BIOS ROM chip drop-in replacement. Please see my Replacement BIOS ROM chips section for more information how to buy.
   2. Buy a compatible Conner hard-disk. The compatible part numbers are listed above.
3. If you have an EEPROM programmer, such as the Minipro TL866, you can make your own BIOS chip and replace the problematic one by using HighTreason's excellent tutorial. Programming a compatible BIOS will allow you to boot with any hard disk, and then simply install a hard disk overlay program to override the drive parameters with correct ones. The tutorial, associated ROM images and HDD overlay programs are in the Files and Resources page.
4. You can also buy an XT-IDE adapter, such as the XT-CF-lite from Lo-Tech. TexElec carries these in stock in the US. This will bypass the built-in IDE controller completely and replace it with a CF card. You can then set your BIOS to “No drive”.

Note: If you plan to use a drive other than what was supplied with your computer, you must use a BIOS HDD overlay software to avoid data corruption.

Q: I upgraded the hard disk on my Toshiba, but now it refuses to boot, or doesn't detect the hard disk.
A: If you have verified the replacement disk is fully working, then your computer must be using a BIOS version that only detects and supports Conner hard disks. See above for details.

Q: How do I check the BIOS version?
A: You need to open the portable computer. Remove the four screws from the bottom front of the laptop. Open the screen lid. The keyboard should now lift up starting from the front. You may need to pry the keyboard a little. Once the keyboard is off, remove two screws at the rear of the EM shield between the keyboard and the motherboard. Remove the EM shield. You will see three chips. The one at the bottom right corner is the BIOS chip. So far I've seen 003C, 003E, 003F, 003H and 003I out in the wild. If you have a different BIOS version, please take a picture of it and send a BIOS dump over! I will gladly host it on this site.

Q: I've opened the laptop, but I cannot move the flat panel display out of the way
A: The Toshiba portable computer can be tricky when you're trying to open the laptop after you've removed the keyboard, EM shield and now want to have access to the hard drive, floppy drive or other connectors. If your laptop has never been opened, chances are there is a latch that has been screwed in to the chassis that will prevent you from pulling the flat panel free so you can rotate it out of the way and access the internals. The latch will be held on by a single screw. You will need a tiny phillips head screw driver with a 90 degree angle at the bit to unscrew the latch and release the flat panel display.

If you don't have access to a small angled screw driver, you may be able to bend the latch out of the way to release the display cable. It is risky, and you wouldn't want to do it unless you there is no other way. You may damage the display cable near the latch so please be careful. I've included a picture of the latch in the image gallery section.

Q: The computer turns on, power LED lights up, but I have no picture or a noisy picture
A: This could be caused by many things, but the most common issue is that the laptop lid open/close switch is just stuck in the on position. The switch, which is located under the cover, next to the floppy drive uses a rather low-quality plastic piece that latched with the screen hinge and is designed to detect when the lid is closed, and will cut the power to the display accordingly. It engages whenever the lid is closed, and since it is near the power supply, a plastic piece inside the switch may slowly deform over time and may get stuck inside the switch. The symptom you will see is a screen that will never seem to turn on when you open the lid, or will have a noisy picture, due to the switch stuck half-on. If you cannot repair the switch manually, the easiest workaround is to just disable it by removing the plastic piece entirely. This will make the screen then stay on regardless if the screen lid is open. Please see the gallery section for an image of the switch.

I have started selling replacement 003CH BIOS ROM chips for the T3200SX. If you're currently in need of upgrading your BIOS in order to install a different hard disk, you can use my BIOS chip to get around any limitations you may have with your current BIOS. The BIOS that I am selling is the the 003CH Hybrid BIOS, which is a combination of the 003C BIOS with the faster VGA BIOS of 003I. The hybrid BIOS will essentially act as an older BIOS and allow you to boot any hard disk. With this BIOS, all you need is a disk overlay program to correct the hard drive parameters. I can also program an XT-IDE enabled BIOS chip for you if you wish. Both chips are a drop-in replacement for the old BIOS chip, and should work great in any T3200SX system.

For more information, visit my BIOS ROM chips page.

Toshiba T3200SXC disassembly (identical to T3200SX) | Original URL
HighTreason's overview of the Toshiba T3200SX laptop with a in-depth look at the hardware
Vogons - Toshiba T3200SX BIOS Discussion
Baudband - Toshiba T3200SX

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